Monday, 28 April 2008

Editing Checklist

When you're reading through a story, trying to edit your writing, it helps to have a list. Here's one of mine ...

Put the story away for at least a few days, then read it through to edit.
Is the story neatly and clearly presented – either typed or handwritten?
Do I have my name and the title of the story on the front page?
Does my story have a catchy, interesting beginning?
Does it make sense?
Punctuation: Are there commas and fullstops in the correct places - also apostrophe/speech marks at the beginning and end each time someone speaks?
When a new person talks, does it start on a new line?
Have I included the senses: sight, sound, touch, taste, smell?
Can the reader ‘see’ what I see?
Have I answered: Who, when, what, how, where, why?
Are spelling and grammar correct?
Is this story the correct word length?
How many paragraphs and sentences begin with the same word?
Do sentences read smoothly? (try reading aloud)
Delete unnecessary words. Eg, ‘It was a very nice day.’
Are the characters believable and interesting?
Is there a balance of speech and narration?
Have I shown the story, not just told it?
Ending: does it suit the story? Will the reader be satisfied?

Friday, 25 April 2008

You Are Now Entering 'The Twilight Zone'

‘The Twilight Zone.’ Definitely.
I felt as though I’d slipped into another dimension and any moment the theme music would kick in, then the creepy voiceover.
I should have realised what the audition to talk in schools would be like when I received the letter. The tone was abrupt and demanding. There was a rumour about a group of dancers who burst into tears when they received their initial letter and refused to do the audition.
Good thinking.
I rang the assessment office. ‘I’m doing three weeks of schools through my booking agent. Do you want me to let you know which ones so you can watch?’
‘No. We arrange the schools. We can’t follow you into schools you’ve already booked. And you’ll have to do separate auditions for each age group, and one for talks, then one workshop.’
I’d counted on my fingers to see how many auditions I would need to do, then ran out of fingers. I decided to do a couple and see how it went.
A fax arrived giving the names and addresses of schools.

I contacted the schools, by letter, with my requirements and enclosed information about me to help them prepare. Displaying a fine amount of paranoia, I had also phoned the first school a few days beforehand.
‘We don’t know anything about any audition,’ I heard a voice say on the other end of the phone.
I suggested they ring the assessment office.
They promised to follow up.
I believe I heard the sound of pigs flapping across the sky.
When I arrived at the school, nothing was organised. Not even a microphone.
There were six assessors. During my talk they all sat up the back, in a row, ostentatiously flipping through pages on clipboards and talking loudly.
I tried ignoring them, then I glared at them, but they wouldn’t stop. The kids started to turn around and stare at them too.
It was agony, and afterwards I trooped back to the staff room by myself. No one spoke to me, not the staff or any of the panel members.
I found myself standing next to an assessor, waiting for hot water for a coffee.
I said ‘Hello.’
‘We shouldn’t talk to you,’ she said. ‘We’re going over here.’

The group moved to the other side of the staff room to flip through more paper on clipboards and mumble, with their backs turned.
I had made myself a coffee and sat, alone.
At least the talk was over. There was only the workshop to follow.
It was in a large hall and there was no whiteboard, even though I’d asked for one in the letter, by phone, fax and, again, when I arrived.
I’d planned a workshop that included drawings and words on the board. So I begged the woman in the office for a whiteboard.
‘I’ll send a student with one,’ she said, and smiled.
I suspected further trouble.
The kids tromped into the classroom late, with no books or writing materials.

There was a variety of ethnic backgrounds amongst the group, so I asked the teacher, ‘Are these English as a Second Language kids?’
She blinked like an owl. ‘No.’
I started the workshop.
The kids stared at me as though they didn’t understand a word. They could hardly write.
Then the double doors squeaked open and a white board was shoved inside.

The assessment panel still talked loudly and flicked their pages.
I thought about asking them to be quiet, but I figured they’d fail me straight away and the day would have been wasted.
Afterwards, the teacher, who I discovered was relieving for the regular teacher, said, “Oh by the way, they are ESL students.”’
The panel of assessors gave their verdict. ‘We passed you on the hour’s talk, but you must only give that talk. You can’t change a single word.’
‘Not one?’
‘No.’
‘But kids asked questions and I answered them. Next time the audience won’t ask the same questions.’
‘It’s the rules. And we’d like you to try another audition for the workshop. It was quite good, but we didn’t like the way the chairs were arranged.’
My jaw dropped, but no sound came out.
The panel offered me a chance to audition again, but I refused. Although the odds were slim that I’d be in the same hall as my first workshop audition. The one where I was told off for not arranging the chairs in a better fashion. The one where the chairs were welded together and and nailed to the floor. Only Superman could have rearranged that furniture. And I’ve not seen him in ‘The Twilight Zone’.

Thursday, 27 March 2008

Sharon Pajka-West on books with deaf characters


Sharon Pajka-West is an inspiration.
Her bloghttp://www.pajka.blogspot.com/ has articles that show her dedication and enthusiasm for books and opening up multiple worlds for both hearing, deaf and heard-of-hearing students. Among other things, she compiles a list, which she regularly updates, of ‘Deaf Characters in Adolescent Literature’ http://pajka.blogspot.com/2007/02/106-and-counting-adolescent-literature.html
Sharon is Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Literacy, Gaullaudet University.

Recently I interviewed her and here's what she said:

Christine: I recently attended a conference in Kuala Lumpur on Language and Literacy and it was interesting to hear speakers say how educators must keep up with new technologies, multimedias including Blogs, to get through to students. One speaker said, 'Teachers don't want to be dinosaurs because dinosaurs are dead!'

Sharon Pajka-West: Oh, I love that comment about dinosaurs!

Tell us something about yourself.
I think my big secret from my students and my peers, who consider me technology-savvy, is that I hate technology. I simply don't trust it. I grew up in the time where we didn't have computers in the classroom (and I'm only 34 so I'm certainly not a dinosaur) and I actually had one at home because my dad worked on computers. I remember typing papers for college and no matter how often I saved the document, it would somehow disappear into the abyss. I still write everything by hand first and type it into the computer later. I even wrote my dissertation by hand too!
Most people would probably be shocked if I said that. I have my SideKick (pager, cell phone, connection to the internet) with me almost all the time; I use a Smartboard in the classroom and encourage the use of technology; I'm almost always near a computer; and, I publish an on-line newsletter and a blog. If it were up to me and I could freeze time, I would have everything in print-form. I love books ... the smell, the feel, the look of the various covers. I don't feel that from technology. Plus, if you drop a book in the toilet, you just have to wait for it to dry.

What do books mean to you?
Everything. I wasn't really a strong reader in elementery school but in middle school I discovered the Sweet Valley Twins books and that is where the love affair began. I couldn't get enough of those books and the characters Elizabeth and Jessica were like friends to me.
One misconception my students had, and some people in the bookstore as well, is that academic professors only read "academic, scholarly literature". That is ridiculous! Currently, one of my favorite series is Charlaine Harris' Sookie Stackhouse aka ‘Southern Vampire’ novels. A new one is usually published each May and I'm pretty sure that I am first in line. I devour the book in one day and then pout that I have to wait a whole year for the next. I love reading adolescent literature, comic books and pretty much anything that includes a deaf character.

Why have you started the list of 'Deaf Characters in Adolescent Literature'?
My blog, Deaf Characters in Adolescent Literature
http://www.pajka.blogspot.com/ stemmed from a conversation with a former high school student who requested summer reading. She challenged me with the stipulation that my book recommendation must include a deaf character similar to her and her peers. At the time, I was teaching high school English in a residential school for the deaf. There weren't many contemporary books with deaf characters in the library so I started searching. That led to my doctoral dissertation and now, I am proud to say that I can truly recommend books with multiple realities of the Deaf human experience. On my blog, there are books with characters who use sign language, who attend residential schools for the Deaf, who have a Deaf family, African-American families, Asian families, who wear cochlear implants, etc.
My initial goal for the blog was to have a place to compile details from my research, to list books with deaf characters, and to recommend books to all the students out in cyberspace who were seeking characters similar to themselves. Then I started interviewing authors. My first interview was actually the deaf grandmother of a girl whom I supervised during her student-teaching. She read through my dissertation and noticed that her grandmother's name was mentioned. She wrote her grandmother and Lois Hodge became my first interview.

What kinds of things do you look for in deaf characters in literature?
I notice the labels. Is the character considered "deaf" or "hard of hearing" and then I try to figure out what the author means by those terms. If I'm analyzing the text, I focus on whether book presents misunderstandings about sign language; whether the author focuses upon the physical condition of deafness versus the deaf person's life and abilities (i.e. is the plot focused entirely on the "problem" of deafness or deafness is presented as "the end of the world" or as something to be ashamed of); whether the book includes stereotypes and misinformation (deafness as a "silent world"); whether the deaf character is shown as isolated from others; whether deafness is treated as a joke or the deaf characters are ridiculed in some way; whether options for communication, including sign language, are discussed; and, whether assistive technology (TTY, closed captioning, vibrating alarm clocks, computers, pagers and hearing aids) are used. I'm also reading to see if the characters gain attention through visual means or touch and not rely on auditory means. For example, if someone knocks at the door, the deaf character might not be able to hear this. Of course, it depends on how the author has portrayed the character. In comic books, I look at the panels to see if the deaf character could possible lipread the other characters.

Ideally, how would you prefer deaf characters to be portrayed in books for young readers?
I'm actually going to quote you, Christine. In your letter to me, you wrote, "This (Mask of the Jackal) is not an adventure about a deaf character. Rather, a deaf character happens to have an adventure." That is exactly what I am looking for in books with deaf characters. I want the character to be part of a larger story that doesn't just revolve around deafness. Your character, Jordy, is deaf but she is also smart, creative, resourceful, etc. There is a larger story that readers follow and Jordy does happens to be deaf. Sign language actually helps save the characters in your book. I think that is cool. I really like to come across deaf characters who use sign language because the deaf people that I know, including my students, use sign language.

What feedback has there been to your Blog from adolescent readers or teachers?
One of my favorite posts
http://pajka.blogspot.com/2008/02/good-eye-kid-football-fugitive-by-matt.html was inspired by an email from a middle school student who found a deaf character in the book he was reading. He had his teacher send me an email. My own students are always trying to find books with deaf characters that I haven't read. They're pretty irritated that I've read so much but they enjoy the challenge.
I received a message entitled "your blog= heaven". The woman wrote that if my blog had existed when she was younger, she would have been so grateful. Another email that I recall was from a mom with a deaf child … it made me cry.
I'm so thankful for all the feedback I've received. The Deaf community has given so much of their time to me through helping me learn sign language and encouraging me to continue in the field of Deaf Education that I feel like I'm finally given back to the larger Deaf community. That is what drives me.

What question would you like me to to ask you (and answer it, of course)?
I'll use the question that I usually ask and that my students are always curious ... how did I get involved with sign language and the Deaf community?
I was diagnosed with Meniere's when I was 15 and was basically told by the time I was 30, I would be totally deaf and wouldn't be able to ride roller coasters. I was much more freaked by the roller coaster comment because I LOVE coasters. There wasn't much information back, nor was there the internet .... so my mom and I were clueless. When she noticed that I had lost some hearing, she casually mentioned that we should take a sign language class just for fun. We did.
Long story short - Our teacher was an alumni from Gallaudet University. I knew I wanted to go back to Graduate School and he convinced me to go to Gallaudet. I've been signing for about 10 years now... I've taught high school in two different residential schools and middle school in a mainstream program for a year (where I met my husband). I'm in my second year as a faculty member at Gallaudet University. Gallaudet is such a magical place; I feel honored to work there ... (and they don't pay me to say that:)

Check out Sharon’s list, and if you know of any books for young readers that have deaf characters, why not let know her and keep that list growing?

Sunday, 23 March 2008

'Snowy's Rescue' Activity Notes


Here are some writing and drawing activities inspired by my picture book 'Snowy's Rescue'. The activities are designed for young children. If the children are not old enough to write, many of these exercises use drawing or mime.

'Snowy’s Rescue' Blurb: Friends come in all shapes and sizes. They look and sound different. But there is something they have in common, as Finn, Snowy and their neighbours find out.
A warm story about friendship and co-operation.


Listen
Read 'Snowy’s Rescue' without the children looking at the pictures.


Write and Draw
Ask the children to draw one of these three characters (still without having seen the inside illustrations):
Mrs North
Hassan the house painter
Rosa, the young woman
Show the illustrations. Ask the children to write or talk about (depending on their age and capabilities) the difference between what they imagined and what is on the page.

Get the children to look at the characters’ hands and spot the difference between their own hands and the ones in the pictures. Can the children guess why they are different?

What can we tell about Finn by looking at his picture?

Each child might like to write a story about a pet, or draw a picture.

How many other words can the children make from the title of the book 'Snowy’s Rescue'? (eg. Rose, we …).
Count how many words are listed.



Themes
Discuss – What is a friend?

Are there things a friend would not do?

How did the old lady, Mrs North, change in the story?

How are the people in the story the same – and different?

Ask the children to draw a picture of their own best friend.

Can they think of other picture books that are about friends?

Snowy is a cat. Perhaps the children could either talk about or write three things they know about cats.
Why do people like pets?
Do pets like people, and why?

Memory
Read the story again, then ask the children to list the ways the neighbours in the story tried to help Snowy down from the tree. Count the number of ways.


Drama
Ask the children to mine the meaning of these words from 'Snowy’s Rescue', without saying them aloud:
Top
Carried
Climbed
Hurried
Poured
Weeding
Threw
Peering
Barked
Stretched
Down
Angry
Caught
Scratched
Surprise
Jump.
Then read the story aloud again, with the children repeating each mime as they recognise the words.



http://www.christineharris.com/launchpress.htm#launchpresssnowy

Monday, 25 February 2008

Top Ten Tips for Writers




David Harris has been writing for 25 years. He was also an English consultant and is a historian. Okay, he's also my husband and he was originally my writing teacher. He gave me an 'A' so I married him. One time I was editing one of his books and he said, 'I've created a monster'. Here are his Top Ten tips for writers.




Teamwork
Writing is a combination of work by the writer, editor, agent, designer, publicist and others. It’s never just me.

Relax
Give yourself time to find the story and what the story is really about.

Make a Continuous Block of Time

So characters can really come to life and I’m inside the story, rather than writing from the outside.

Go Back To Basics

Have a checklist of writing principles for each story.

Be Flexible
It's okay to throw out words that don't work. I usually delete 75% of my first ‘discovery’ draft, swap characters, insert new chapters and delete those that don’t work.

Focus on What the Character Wants, and What is Stopping Them

Read Widely And Intensively In Other Genres
This triggers the subconscious and a writer can learn much about the craft of writing.

Physical Exercise and Recreation
Stop regularly. Not only is it good for your health, but otherwise, you can become locked into patterns of thought.

Work On More Than One Writing Project At Once
If you are blocked on one, you can work on another. Mix and match research, writing and reading on different manuscripts.

Get A Life!
Keep writing in perspective.

Wednesday, 13 February 2008

'Be Sincere, Be Brief, Be Seated' : How to survive giving a public speech

‘Be sincere; be brief; be seated’ was Franklin D. Roosevelt’s advice on public speaking.
If only it were that easy!
Public speaking is right up there in the top ten fears, lodged between death and disaster, for most adults.
The first time I was asked to give a talk at a school graduation day I was so scared that I stood in the wings wondering if I was going to throw up. Now, I actually enjoy public speaking. (I know, I’m a little crazy, but it helps when you’re a writer.)

Here are a few tips that have helped me:

Be organized
Know your audience – who are they, why are they listening to you?
How many will be in the audience?
Will there be a microphone?
What other equipment might you need?
Make contact with the organizer at least once to confirm.
Check that everything you need is in your bag, ready to go.
When you arrive at the venue stand where you will speak and get the feel of the room and the microphone.
Practise out loud, either in front of a chosen audience or into a recording device and play it back.
Listen to speakers you admire and note exactly what it is that makes them good.

Notes
If you use notes, make sure you can actually read them (especially if you have handwritten them).
Write main points and ideas, not every word. (If you write every word you can totally lose it when you take your eyes off the page) .
Use clean notepaper (I’ve seen speakers with crumpled sheets or even serviettes from the plane).

Presentation
Be punctual.
Take a few deep breaths before you start (off-stage, not into the microphone).
Make eye contact with the audience (yes, you are allowed to smile).
Speak from the heart (listeners can spot fakes a mile away).
Don’t rush it. Speak clearly.
Don’t start with an apology for being a rotten speaker, unprepared or nervous.
Statistics show that the content of a speech is not remembered as much as the ‘feeling’ of it. The body language, manner and tone of the speaker are, perhaps, more important then the selection of words.
Don’t shuffle, continually walk up and down the stage or stand like a statue. There is a balance between some gestures and rushing up and down stage, which can be exhausting for those watching.
Pause now and then. You, as the speaker and the audience will appreciate a moment or two to take a breath.
Make audience contact by looking at them, but don’t stare too long at one person. They will feel uncomfortable.
It’s more polite and inclusive to use terms like ‘we’ instead of ‘you’.
Use your own personality. Speakers vary, but the best ones are themselves.
Sum up key points.
Don’t go overtime (It is rude to the next speaker, and if the audience are bored or restless at the end that is what they will remember).

Afterwards
Thank those who helped you, including a note of thank you to the organizer.
Don’t beat yourself up on the way home about how much better you could have done. Dale Carnegie summed it up perfectly when he said, ‘There are always three speeches, for every one you actually gave. The one you practiced, the one you gave, and the one you wish you gave.’

Saturday, 9 February 2008

Losing it On an Author Tour


  • · You lock your car keys in the hire car, twice, on the same day.
    · Driving late at night, you jump with fright when a marker post leaps onto the road like a kangaroo.
    · You can’t find the Post Office at the airport, because you’re in such a daze you haven’t realized it’s Sydney, not Melbourne.
    · You make diary appointments two months ahead to see your children.
    · You develop annoying obsessions such as not being able to stop singing an advertising jingle, or compulsively reading words backwards, or making sure you spread the butter right to the edges of the bread – all the way to all the edges.
    · You wonder how you can possibly make your funny stories sound funny when you have told them 723 times.
    · Desperately late, you sprint towards the ramp of the train platform with seven seconds to go until the express leaves. As the whistle blows and the doors hiss shut, you burst onto the platform, see an open door in the end carriage, leap into it, exultant for a nano-second, before realising that the carriage is dark, empty, and isn’t moving. When you look out the door you see the train disappear around the bend while you stand in the disconnected carriage.
    · At night, in the motel, you watch The Footy Show on TV to prove you can still feel pain.
    · Night after night you have nightmares that you’re late for work in a school, the taxi driver can’t find the school, your mobile battery is flat, you left all your notes and displays back at the hotel, and you can’t wake up so it must be real, then the taxi breaks down.
    · You insist, like some authors, that your masseur or astrologer accompany you.
    · When you try to sleep, you can’t get words like ‘robbletrop’ out of your mind. You don’t have a dictionary, so, maddened, you ring home and discover it is the making of music by rubbing saucepans on bare bottoms
    .